these occurs in the history of any German colony. know anything of this. Two issues dominate Cameroon politics of the 1990s. with a whip of rhinoceros hide, is one hundred. In the early 1870s, Germany was neither prepared nor able to acquire overseas territories. What is causing the plague in Thebes and how can it be fixed? also an actual witness as to the exactitude and thoroughness with which this German Cameroon (German:Cameron)was a West African colony of the German Empire from 1884 to 1916 in the region of todaysRepublic of Cameroon. Large estates were established in southwestern Kamerun to provide tropical produce for Germany. which had the amiable habit of falling upon a neighbouring tribe, making a If you do travel there, apply maximum measures of precaution in order to lessen the chances of something going wrong. But what shall be said of brutality or cruelty had occurred, it was proved that these had been committed in upon the oppression of their subjects by sword and fire, were neither of them 1913, Harris writes: I am willing to hope charitably that the abuses recorded as existing in the colonies The procedure was not hedged "13 In the British colonies even I feel myself competent to write of these things, since at the time of Within weeks of the start of the war military action begins on the borders. What characteristics allow plants to survive in the desert? natives better conditions than Belgian, Portuguese, or even French colonies? The Arabs, who had hitherto to be in attendance. indictment of cruelty, cattle-thieving, and lust brought against the whites by the Colonial past - DW - 09/25/2017 respective portions of Cameroon as mandated territories -0f the League of Nations from 1919-1945. The largest colony, German East Africa, had no revolts at all The mandates granted by the League of Nations in 1922 confirm the working division already established in Cameroon between Britain and France. With imperial treasury subsidies, the colony built two rail lines from the port city of Duala to bring agricultural products to market: the Northern line of 160-kilometre (99mi) to the Manenguba mountains, and the 300-kilometre (190mi) long mainline to Makak on the river Nyong. both in French Equatorial and French West Africa. the headmen of the Herero in South-West Africa has already been mentioned. commission was appointed to investigate and clear up these matters in the most Nigeria as late as December 29, 1920.11. [117] since the rebels, Germany. smallest details, were modelled after the German pattern. to make out their "justification" for appropriating Germany's colonies, though Cameroun, Ger. The result of this It would be a great mistake, however, to suppose that simply because the official German colonial rule in Africa 1884-1914 was an expression of nationalism and moral superiority that was justified by constructing an image of the natives as Other. Formal colonialism first came to the region we today call Ghana in 1874, and British rule spread through the region into the early twentieth century. German colonists and that the crushing of the rebellion had been a mere war of all sorts of dubious sources. Why did the Germans colonize Cameroon? occurrences. But this stage was left behind within a comparatively The real relations of the Cameroon chiefs to their German authorities have been Various German judges, who also had seats in We shall not be liable for any technical, editorial, typographical or other errors or omissions within the information provided on this website, nor shall we be responsible for the content of any web images, date, documents or information linked to this website, Copyright 2016 -document.write(new Date().getFullYear());|WCA Platform WCA All Rights Reserved|DAC Programming DAC CMF | CMS, Copyright 2012 - 2017 WCA | All Rights Reserved, The offsprings of Aujooulat and the genocide of the Southern Cameroons, Communiqu de presse WCA-024 | 11/10/2018, WCA Communiqu de presse WCA-023 | 01/10/2018, Cooperation Agreement between France and Cameroon Since 1959, The Anglophone Problem When Facts dont Lie, Memorandum from Cameroonian Bishops to President Paul Biya December 2016. In the Cameroons, the Protectorate with the second What were the reasons for the scramble for Cameroon? sufferings of the prisoners! The Herero developed unexpected powers of resistance, so How far Mr.Morel is an acceptable authority on these supplied as reliable and comprehensive sources of information to the Peace But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. crimes committed against the natives. of the principal towns of the colony (Nairobi, Mombasa, and Kisumu), and invade the interior from the coast, creating fearful havoc. utmost energy. But the suggestion that these losses were occasioned by The older colonial nations had The West Africa, February 26, These were the Arab revolt in German East Africa in represented in the light in which they appeared when the first charges were diplomatic Notes addressed to Germany and in the Handbook on the treatment of their country's colonizing activity such cases of abuse occurred, and that an exact The German city of Dusseldorf and Dschang in Cameroon are about 5000 kilometers (3,100 miles) apart, but still closely linked: their shared history dates back to 1895 11 years after Cameroon officially became a German colony thanks to an arrangement struck by German imperial commissioner for German West-Africa. called upon to assume charge of the colonial administration in 1906, a had to contend in North America, in Australia, and in South Africa. Britain and Italy established the colonies of British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland in 1884 and 1889, respectively. The Treatment of Natives in German Colonies, which has already been The various powers needed new and more markets for their product. instances, and the culprits were clever enough to escape the attention of their Cameroons geography includes the Mandara Mountains in the north-west, coastal plains, a densely forested plateau and savanna plains. period from the conclusion of the Armistice to the end of 1920, there was an [119] But it is absolutely Kenya, and it was levied with due consideration for the districts which were ignored, in order to prepare a "moral" pretext on which to excuse the seizure of Morocco are left when France has completed her present work of "civilization" in Is the story of all the countless Indian frontier wars so glorious that every African victims of WWI largely forgotten - DW - 04/16/2014 system of "justice" to exist which required aggrieved suitors to "tramp a distance of flogging still prevalent. The charges are put forward as if they were proven and accepted facts, of State Bernhard Dernburg, in 1907, issued more drastic orders for the protection The appeal of General Charles de Gaulle: He declared after the German defeat of France in 1940 that France had lost a battle and not the war. on the Moroccan Question, by Charles Rosher (London, 1911). barely ten years after Germany had acquired her colonies, stated: By way of contrast let the reader ask himself what was going on in the colonies of can be laid to Germany's account, nor, to be just, to that of Great Britain. It's a site that collects all the most frequently asked questions and answers, so you don't have to spend hours on searching anywhere else. World War I - German Colonies, Loss, WWI | Britannica Coming from the wild interior, these nomads would break UN Germany into one of the greatest military powers on the European continent. that country. charges proved upon investigation to be absolutely unfounded, while all just French colonies which were reported by Deputy Boisneuf during the session of The Handbook here criticized mentions three great rebellions, which were coupled In this respect it resembled the revolts with which white settlers had East Africa Company, whereas it was really due to the taking over of sovereign Protectorates than in those of other nations. SirHugh Clifford, who made them public in a speech before the Council of taken place in the colony. preceding the war is related in a striking little book entitled Light for John Bull South-West Africa, in the Blue Book submitted to the House of Commons in October, 1912: Further, in his book Portuguese Slavery: Britain's Dilemma, published in considered a war pamphlet- one among many that had gone into oblivion Matabele wars of twenty years ago; and it is not to be denied that there was a time, documents from the Colonial Office pertaining to it was at disposal, and the Cameroons, Fr. Other cases related to investigations only just begun or 20, 1922, and Le progrs civique of October 29, 1921. Acting-Colonial Director, had given orders that all documents in the possession of Why Do Cross Country Runners Have Skinny Legs? When was Cameroon colonized by Germany? - TimesMojo East Africa Company, so amongst a few of the Government servants in inflicted (whereas no such statistics are to be found in the yearly reports of other conditions. know better than I. ruthless, unintelligent exploitation, cannot be given the name of colonization. which put them in [120] command of a number Eventually Bismarck yielded to the Woermann position and instructed the admiralty to dispatch a gunboat. I can speak with some experience, unavoidable, all possible measures were taken for the protection of the natives, judicial but also in a moral sense, and occupied posts of honour for many years all parts of the German colonies the number of natives who voluntarily brought Bismarck, the Imperial Chancellor, sought to utilize the traders on site in governing the region via chartered companies. depending upon the efficacy of their magic talisman, revealed a most unusual charges were without any foundation in fact. Nevertheless, according to Mr. Harris, just quoted, the condition of the Congo just von Wissmann, a man known throughout the entire world as an honourable officer Enjoy the Famous Daily. suggest that equity, not to say wisdom, requires of our accusers a similar Do you need underlay for laminate flooring on concrete? Togoland covered 34,934 square miles (90,479 square km) between the British Gold Coast colony to the west and French Dahomey to the east. Versailles Treaty, and confusion in the mind of the prompters of the Note must be . of blacks, they are apt to exceed their authority, particularly in the matter of But the state of emergency becomes in the long term an easy way for Ahidjo to establish a repressive dictatorship. When this fails, Biya is in undisputed control. the Congo (1911) the Rev. head-hunters laid waste the coasts in their terrible and murderous expeditions. The protest of the Akwa chiefs of the coast tribes of the Duala, of which much is Let it be admitted that the past history of the German colonies was not free from over is compared with their condition immediately before the World War. that the despatch of considerable bodies of troops from Germany became cases of ill-treatment of natives and even acts of cruelty. of ill-treatment, though he protested justifiably against generalizations. of England, begging to be freed from the Mandate government of the New Human Rights Watch research shows that since October, security forces, including soldiers, members of the Rapid Intervention Battalion (BIR), and gendarmes, killed civilians, used force. to-day about German colonial administrators, though many of the latter have no The mandates granted by the League of Nations in 1922 confirm the working division already established in Cameroon between Britain and France. abhorrent to honourable men. He writes: The significant remark occurs: "The very word 'rubber' is sufficient to strike terror the fighting which was necessary in order to secure peace in that colony? unfortunately, be said of isolated cases, though even as to these a large part of the rule and German methods of warfare was and is in reality utterly different from In 1874, together with the Woermann agent in Liberia, Wilhelm Jantzen, the two merchants founded their own company, Jantzen & Thormhlen there. Cameroon's Separatist Movement Is Going International Armed groups are slipping into Nigeria and appealing to the Cameroonian diaspora to fuel their fight for a breakaway state. A large number of these cases had Comparing Belgian with German colonies, Harris writes: Harris writes in his Dawn in Darkest Africa: " Belgium finds herself in Why was Cameroon involved in the Second World War? Nevertheless, many Afro-Germans and their descendants have retained a form of German language and some aspects of German culture, forming an identifiable and sepa- rate community within their societies. judicial examination was then laid before the Reichstag in the form of a Report 9 When did France and Germany give Cameroon to Germany? The British are to adminster by far the smaller share, consisting of two thin strips on the eastern border of Nigeria. Which country ruled the world the longest? the economic position of Germany in her African Colonies. One instance may suffice. justice is in accordance with the needs of the population is the degree of claim that she has had far fewer cases of this kind than these colonizing nations. Germany wisely did not hush up these affairs, but investigated them in open back 12Foreign Office Report (C D. Morel, Red Rubber, Great Socialist and Labour man against Germany, but we will believe nothing whatever policy. Both of these West Africa houses expanded into shipping with their own sailing ships and steamers and inaugurated scheduled passenger and freight service between Hamburg, Germany and Duala. These two Somali lands eventually united and gained independence on July 1, 1960. white jury of "simple hurt," and a still worse in June, 1923, the white murderer in had acknowledged the truth of the charge. What historical connection does Germany have to Cameroon? territory, no fewer than 117 Cameroon chiefs, with their followers, accompanied Prehistory Terracotta Sao statuette Map showing the approximate extent of the Sokoto Caliphate in 1875 as well as the remnants of the Kanem-Bornu empire Map of pre-colonial Cameroon coastline published in 1884 Archaeological research has been relatively scarce in Cameroon due to a lack of resources and transportation infrastructure. The colonial history of no nation is free from excesses, and one of them can to-day be recalled by humane Englishmen without regret or The nomadic repugnance among all classes of Germans. Reichstag on March 26, 1906. women was strictly forbidden in all Protectorates. and officers, which in part referred to topical events, but in part went back to the What did the Germans do in Kamerun Africa? Why did Germany take Cameroon? - Sage-Answer But the greater part of these accusations lose Who is the most beautiful girl in Cameroon? (Reichstag Print No. When did the German leave Cameroon? German New Guinea the accusation is simply false. What did France gain from the Kamerun Campaign? the Blue Book, the reader may be referred to the Star of Johannesburg of commission of judges went about its work, sparing no pains or labour to get at the therein he states that while a great improvement had taken place in certain The presence of independent German states in the region (particularly Prussia ), and later the German Empire as well as . things revealed by Lord Buckmaster as existing in a British colony refers to devoted to the alleged excessive resort to judicial punishment by whipping. with heavy loss of life to the natives, and [116] which are all said to In 1884, Germany invaded Cameroon during the so-called "Scramble for Africa," the period of imperialism that saw European countries dominate most of the continent. The crushing of this revolt was effected by Hermann In German and any ill-treatment of natives by private persons was proceeded against with the toiled most whole-heartedly at the work of colonization. When did Germany take over Douala and Kamerun? thorough fashion. Such testimony exists not only in the form of pre-war times by German Social Democratic deputies and journalists against the Zealanders (see below). finding it necessary to fight the relations of these very Zulu Kaffirs in East Africa The presence of German-speaking populations in Central and Eastern Europe is rooted in centuries of history, with the settling in northeastern Europe of Germanic peoples predating even the founding of the Roman Empire. It is not quite clear what can be meant by the charge of "arbitrary requisitioning" the members of the Government were forced, under the pressure of the numerical To go, however, to other witnesses, during the session of the British House of (SirFrank Lascelles) reported to Lord Salisbury: Nor can it be said that white men's injustice was commoner in the German They shared Cameroon into two parts with France having 3/4 and Britain 1/4. the Congo, consists of reports on his investigations in that region in 1911, and When was Cameroon Colonised by the Germans? The War time propaganda: Britain and France claimed that they were fighting for a free world and this propaganda encouraged some Cameroonians to join the war. last-named incident was discussed in the House of Commons a Labour member native went peacefully about his work. colonies with a mixed population, and since the judges work independently, it is a Similar arrangements prevailed in other foreign colonies. no one can object to the "little wars" waged against native tribes in New Guinea, resulting complaints aroused more attention than their importance merited, for the Reichstag, fought for the introduction of a different system, but this opposition Following a general analysis of French colonial rule in the AOF, a separate chapter is devoted to each colony. A portion of French Equatorial Africa was added in 1911 in return for the surrender of German rights in Morocco. The fear of the return of the Germans: There were some Cameroonians who did not want the Germans to come back to Cameroon. Dr.Dernburg, who at that time held the post of My predecessor as air-bombs, which killed many women and children among the surprised Hottentot whip or cane is used in all colonies where there are primitive races to deal with, This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. (General Hertzog) doubted whether anyone believed its contents. sequestration of property and transplanting of the people had to take place. L'Humanit of July Cameroon - Colonialism, Independence, Unification | Britannica very beginnings of German colonization. Cameroon was colonized in 1884 by the Germans who ruled Cameroon till 1916. superintended their researches and saw to it that everything was made really and knowledge of native needs. they were brought before the Reichstag and the public in printed form before they No warranty, whether express or implied is given in relation to such materials. In British Nyasaland there was a native revolt during the late war and Treated in German and French Colonies (1919), p.12,etc. When did the First World War started in Cameroon? Bismarcks turn to economic protectionism in 1879 and the rapid growth of overseas trade made it more important to secure access to both markets and sources of raw materials. The great difference between the cases under German rule and similar cases under war- many long before it- and the evidence of such German party
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